Preprint / Version 2

Influential Force: from Higgs to the novel immune checkpoint KYNU

##article.authors##

  • Tsutomu Mori Department of Human Lifesciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Nursing
  • Takashi Kawamura Department of Human Lifesciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Nursing
  • Daisuke Donald Ikeda Kitajima-cho, Itano-gun
  • Susumu Goyama Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
  • Hiroshi Haeno Medical Mathematical Modelling Laboratory, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
  • Kazuhiko Ikeda Division of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University
  • Yoshiki Yamaguchi Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University https://researchmap.jp/yoshikiyamaguchi
  • Tsuyoshi Shirai Department of Frontier Bioscience, Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology https://researchmap.jp/read0184084
  • Katsue Adachi Chi Co., Ltd.
  • Yoshihiko Saito Chi Co., Ltd.
  • Tomoyoshi Horisawa Chi Co., Ltd.
  • Junzo Suzuki Fukushima Preservative Service Association of Health
  • Seiichi Takenoshita Fukushima Medical University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.156

Keywords:

influential force, unified theory, Higgs mechanism, exchange interaction, dark energy, inflation, equivalence principle, hierarchy problem, systems biology, ab initio genetic orbital method, bioinformatics, population genetics, immune checkpoint KYNU

Abstract

Nature has a tendency to evolve to a more probable state, and we regard this tendency as a force of probability. All fundamental interactions are transmitted by mediator particles, and their unification has long been attempted. However, no theory has fully unified the interactions into a single simple formula. Here, we show that fundamental interactions are unified by a novel “influential force” driven by probability under the canonical distribution of the transmitted information. This force affects the information distance denoting transmission difficulty, based on a universal gauge symmetry within information coordinate spacetime. We develop statistical mechanics of mutual information and reveal that the influential force exists in both physical and biological systems, offering clues to solve many intractable problems. In the field of physics, the influential force provides a coherent explanation of the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the Higgs field and its relationship with gravity, inflation, quantum entanglement entropy, and the hierarchy problem.   In the field of biology, the force endows genes with huge network information, which leads to the development of the ab initio genetic orbital method and identification of a novel, potentially targetable immune checkpoint, KYNU / kynureninase. Our findings demonstrate that the influential force acts between highly divergent beings, thereby shaping the essential properties of nature.

Conflicts of Interest Disclosure

The authors declare no potential conflict of interests.

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Submitted: 2022-09-05 15:16:26 UTC

Published: 2022-09-07 23:26:28 UTC — Updated on 2023-04-24 07:15:47 UTC

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Reason(s) for revision

In this revision, the title was changed. We added an in silico method to evaluate the therapeutic targetability of an immune checkpoint of interest, demonstrating that KYNU has a promising therapeutic targetability.
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Physics