薬理学教育で使用されるシミュレーターおよびシミュレーター作成時の統計モデルに関する総説

荒, 敏昭; 喜多村, 洋幸

doi:10.51094/jxiv.1059

##article.authors##

荒, 敏昭松本歯科大学・薬理学講座
喜多村, 洋幸松本歯科大学病院総合診断科・総合診療科

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.1059

キーワード:

薬理学教育、動物代替法、シミュレーター、統計モデル、シグモイド曲線

抄録

動物実験は薬理学教育において長年にわたり行われている。しかし、動物愛護の観点から実験動物の使用数を減らすことが必要である。シミュレーターの使用は効果的であるが、既存の動物実験用のシミュレーターが存在しない場合にはシミュレーターを作成する必要がある。この総説で筆者らは薬理学教育で使用するためのシミュレーター(自由にダウンロード可能なあるいは市販の)について説明する。さらに、動物実験のシミュレーターを作成するための2種類の方法を紹介する。1つ目は生物学的検定法、2つ目は薬物投与から反応を示すまでの時間を計測する実験である。また、実習結果に対して当てはめる5つの曲線(ロジスティック曲線、正規分布の累積分布関数、Gompertz曲線、von Bertalanffy曲線、Weibull分布の累積分布関数)およびそれらの逆関数を紹介する。この手法を使用することで薬物投与から反応を示すまでの時間を算出するためのシミュレーターを作成することが可能になる。さらに、局所麻酔薬のための階層ベイズモデルを用いた統計モデルを紹介する。また、推定されたパラメータ間の相関を考慮することで動物実験の結果と類似したシミュレーション結果を得るシミュレーターを作成することが可能になると考えられる。様々な理由によって動物実験が困難な薬理学機関でこれらのシミュレーターを使用することで薬理学教育が可能になるだろう。シミュレーターに基づいた教育が将来的に増加することが期待される。

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ダウンロード実績データは、公開の翌日以降に作成されます。

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