環境適応アプリケーションの最適配置に関する検討と評価

山登, 庸次

doi:10.51094/jxiv.1025

##article.authors##

山登, 庸次 NTT

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.1025

キーワード:

環境適応ソフトウェア、自動オフロード、最適配置、線形計画法、ユーザ要求

抄録

GPU、FPGA、またはメニーコアCPUなど、スモールコアのCPU以外のヘテロジニアスハードウェアの使用が増えています。しかし、ヘテロジニアスハードウェアを使用するには、プログラマがOpenMP、CUDA、およびOpenCLを使いこなす十分な技術力を持っている必要があります。これに基づいて、私は、一度記述したコードをハードウェアに合わせて自動的に変換、構成し、高性能に動作させることを可能にする環境適応型ソフトウェアを提案してきました。しかし、オフロードデバイスに合わせてコードを変換することは検討されていますが、オフロードされたアプリケーションをどこに配置すれば、価格や応答時間などのユーザーの要件を満たすことができるかについては検討されていませんでした。本稿では、環境適応型ソフトウェアの新しい要素として、線形計画法を使用して適切な配置を計算する方法を検討します。アプリケーションの種類やユーザーの要件などのいくつかの条件を変更した場合、シミュレーション実験によりアプリケーションが適切に配置できることを確認します。

山登庸次，"環境適応アプリケーションの最適配置に関する検討と評価," International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, Taylor & Francis, 2022年6月

利益相反に関する開示

著者は，この原稿と競合する利害関係がないことを宣言する．

ダウンロード *前日までの集計結果を表示します

ダウンロード実績データは、公開の翌日以降に作成されます。

引用文献

A. Putnam, A. M. Caulfield, E. S. Chung, D. Chiou, K. Constantinides, J. Demme, H. Esmaeilzadeh, J. Fowers, G. P. Gopal, J. Gray, M. Haselman, S. Hauck, S. Heil, A. Hormati, J.-Y. Kim, S. Lanka, J. Larus, E. Peterson, S. Pope, A. Smith, J. Thong, P. Y. Xiao and D. Burger, "A reconfigurable fabric for accelerating large-scale datacenter services," Proceedings of the 41th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA'14), pp.13-24, June 2014.

AWS EC2 web site, https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/

O. Sefraoui, M. Aissaoui and M. Eleuldj, "OpenStack: toward an open-source solution for cloud computing," International Journal of Computer Applications, Vol.55, No.3, 2012.

Y. Yamato, "Automatic system test technology of virtual machine software patch on IaaS cloud," IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Vol.10, Issue.S1, pp.165-167, Oct. 2015.

Y. Yamato, "Optimum Application Deployment Technology for Heterogeneous IaaS Cloud," Journal of Information Processing, Vol.25, No.1, pp.56-58, 2017.

Y. Yamato, "Proposal of Optimum Application Deployment Technology for Heterogeneous IaaS Cloud," 2016 6th International Workshop on Computer Science and Engineering (WCSE 2016), pp.34-37, June 2016.

Y. Yamato, Y. Nishizawa, S. Nagao and K. Sato, "Fast and Reliable Restoration Method of Virtual Resources on OpenStack," IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, DOI: 10.1109/TCC.2015.2481392, Sep. 2015.

M. Hermann, T. Pentek and B. Otto, "Design Principles for Industrie 4.0 Scenarios," Rechnische Universitat Dortmund. 2015.

Y. Yamato, "Proposal of Vital Data Analysis Platform using Wearable Sensor," 5th IIAE International Conference on Industrial Application Engineering 2017 (ICIAE2017), pp.138-143, Mar. 2017.

Y. Yamato, Y. Fukumoto and H. Kumazaki, "Security Camera Movie and ERP Data Matching System to Prevent Theft," IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC 2017), pp.1021-1022, Jan. 2017.

Y. Yamato, Y. Fukumoto and H. Kumazaki, "Proposal of Shoplifting Prevention Service Using Image Analysis and ERP Check," IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Vol.12, Issue.S1, pp.141-145, June 2017.

Y. Yamato, Y. Fukumoto and H. Kumazaki, "Analyzing Machine Noise for Real Time Maintenance," 2016 8th International Conference on Graphic and Image Processing (ICGIP 2016), Oct. 2016.

Y. Yamato, "Experiments of posture estimation on vehicles using wearable acceleration sensors," The 3rd IEEE International Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud (BigDataSecurity 2017), pp.14-17, May 2017.

P. C. Evans and M. Annunziata, "Industrial Internet: Pushing the Boundaries of Minds and Machines," Technical report of General Electric (GE), Nov. 2012.

T. Sterling, M. Anderson and M. Brodowicz, "High performance computing : modern systems and practices," Cambridge, MA : Morgan Kaufmann, ISBN 9780124202153, 2018.

J. E. Stone, D. Gohara and G. Shi, "OpenCL: A parallel programming standard for heterogeneous computing systems," Computing in science & engineering, Vol.12, No.3, pp.66-73, 2010.

J. Sanders and E. Kandrot, "CUDA by example : an introduction to general-purpose GPU programming," Addison-Wesley, 2011.

J. Gosling, B. Joy and G. Steele, "The Java language specification, third edition," Addison-Wesley, 2005. ISBN 0-321-24678-0.

Y. Yamato, T. Demizu, H. Noguchi and M. Kataoka, "Automatic GPU Offloading Technology for Open IoT Environment," IEEE Internet of Things Journal, DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2018.2872545, Sep. 2018.

Y. Yamato, "Automatic Offloading Method of Loop Statements of Software to FPGA," International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, Taylor and Francis, DOI: 10.1080/17445760.2021.1916020, Apr. 2021.

Y. Yamato, "Study and Evaluation of Automatic GPU Offloading Method from Various Language Applications," International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, Taylor and Francis, DOI: 10.1080/17445760.2021.1971666, Sep. 2021.

bibitem{improved}

Y. Yamato, "Study and Evaluation of Improved Automatic GPU Offloading Method," International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, Taylor and Francis, DOI: 10.1080/17445760.2021.1941010, June 2021.

Y. Yamato, "Study of parallel processing area extraction and data transfer number reduction for automatic GPU offloading of IoT applications," Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, Springer, DOI:10.1007/s10844-019-00575-8, 2019.

J. Fung and M. Steve, "Computer vision signal processing on graphics processing units," 2004 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Vol. 5, pp.93-96, 2004.

Xilinx SDK web site, https://japan.xilinx.com/html_docs/xilinx2017_4/sdaccel_doc/lyx1504034296578.html

S. Wienke, P. Springer, C. Terboven and D. an Mey, "OpenACC-first experiences with real-world applications," Euro-Par 2012 Parallel Processing, pp.859-870, 2012.

M. Wolfe, "Implementing the PGI accelerator model," ACM the 3rd Workshop on General-Purpose Computation on Graphics Processing Units, pp.43-50, Mar. 2010.

E. Su, X. Tian, M. Girkar, G. Haab, S. Shah and P. Petersen, "Compiler support of the workqueuing execution model for Intel SMP architectures," In Fourth European Workshop on OpenMP, Sep. 2002.

C. C. Wang, Y. D. Lin, J. J. Wu, P. C. Lin and R. H. Hwang, "Toward optimal resource allocation of virtualized network functions for hierarchical datacenters," IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, Vol.15, No.4, pp.1532-1544, 2018.

J. H. Holland, "Genetic algorithms," Scientific american, Vol.267, No.1, pp.66-73, 1992.

NAS.FT website, https://www.nas.nasa.gov/publications/npb.html

MRI-Q website, http://impact.crhc.illinois.edu/parboil/

F. Wuhib, R. Stadler, and H. Lindgren, "Dynamic resource allocation with management objectives - Implementation for an OpenStack cloud," In Proceedings of Network and service management, 2012 8th international conference and 2012 workshop on systems virtualiztion management, pp.309-315, Oct. 2012.

bibitem{4}

K. Kawashima, T. Otoshi, T. Ohshita and M. Murata, "Dynamic placement of virtual network functions based on model predictive control", IEEE/IFIP International Workshop on Analytics for Network and Service Management, Apr. 2016.

J. Chen, B. Joo, W. Watson III and R. Edwards, "Automatic offloading C++ expression templates to CUDA enabled GPUs," 2012 IEEE 26th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium Workshops & PhD Forum, pp.2359-2368, May 2012.

C. Bertolli, S. F. Antao, G. T. Bercea, A. C. Jacob, A. E. Eichenberger, T. Chen, Z. Sura, H. Sung, G. Rokos, D. Appelhans and K. O'Brien, "Integrating GPU support for OpenMP offloading directives into Clang," ACM Second Workshop on the LLVM Compiler Infrastructure in HPC (LLVM'15), Nov. 2015.

S. Lee, S.J. Min and R. Eigenmann, "OpenMP to GPGPU: a compiler framework for automatic translation and optimization," 14th ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and practice of parallel programming (PPoPP'09), 2009.

Y. Tomatsu, T. Hiroyasu, M. Yoshimi and M. Miki, "gPot: Intelligent Compiler for GPGPU using Combinatorial Optimization Techniques," The 7th Joint Symposium between Doshisha University and Chonnam National University, Aug. 2010.

Bobby R. Bruce and J. Petke, "Towards automatic generation and insertion of OpenACC directives," RN, 18.04: 04. 2018.

Cheng Liu, Ho-Cheung Ng and Hayden Kwok-Hay So, "Automatic nested loop acceleration on fpgas using soft CGRA overlay," Second International Workshop on FPGAs for Software Programmers (FSP 2015), 2015.

C. Alias, A. Darte and A. Plesco, "Optimizing remote accesses for offloaded kernels: Application to high-level synthesis for FPGA," 2013 Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE), pp.575-580, Mar. 2013.

L. Sommer, J. Korinth and A. Koch, "OpenMP device offloading to FPGA accelerators," 2017 IEEE 28th International Conference on Application-specific Systems, Architectures and Processors (ASAP 2017), pp.201-205, July 2017.

A. Putnam, D. Bennett, E. Dellinger, J. Mason, P. Sundararajan and S. Eggers, "CHiMPS: A C-level compilation flow for hybrid CPU-FPGA architectures," IEEE 2008 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications, pp.173-178, Sep. 2008.