Preprint / Version 1

Proposal of Fast Single-Scale Retinex and Evaluation of Real-Time Human Pose Estimation Performance under Low-Light Conditions

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.1897

Keywords:

Retinex theory, Single-Scale Retinex (SSR), Fast Single-Scale Retinex (FSSR), Illumination Correction, Real-time processing, Hand skeleton detection, Acceleration

Abstract

 In this study, we propose the Fast Single-Scale Retinex, an extension of the conventional Single-Scale Retinex, to achieve human pose estimation under low-light conditions, which has been challenging with existing methods. The proposed method extracts only the luminance component from an image and separates the illumination component in the logarithmic domain to correct non-uniform brightness. For pose estimation, we used MediaPipe and evaluated our method on a video comprising 955 frames. As a result, the mean squared error (MSE) after correction was 472.73, and the tonal range in dark regions was effectively enhanced, enabling accurate detection of fingertips and joint positions that were previously difficult to detect.

 This method demonstrates effectiveness for applications in human analysis and behavior recognition under low-light conditions.

Conflicts of Interest Disclosure

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Author Biography

Toma Okugawa, 弓削商船高等専門学校

Research Keywords
Illumination Correction, EdTech, Sport Analytics

Education
April 2024 – Present: National Institute of Technology, Yuge College, Information Science and Technology Department

Presentations
Okugawa, T., Masuzaki, T., & Makiyama, T. (September 2025). Proposal and Web Implementation of a Kyudo Form Evaluation Method Based on Real-Time Pose Estimation. 2025 Shikoku-section Joint Convention of the Institutes of Electrical and Related Engineers.

Professional Affiliations
Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ)

References

Sugata, K., Ohtera, R., Horiuchi, T. “Retinex Algorithm for Improving Appearance of Spatially Localized Images.” 画像電子学会誌, Vol. 36, No.5, pp. 674 679, 2007.

Li, X., Shang, J., Song, W., Chen, J., Zhang, G., Pan, J. “Low Light Image Enhancement Based on Constraint Low Rank Approximation Retinex Model.” Sensors, 2022, 22(16):6126.

Tian, F., Wang, M., Liu, X. “Low Light Mine Image Enhancement Algorithm Based on Improved Retinex.” Appl. Sci., 2024, 14(5):2213.

Wang, H., Sun, Y., Yang, J. “Improved Retinex Theory Based Low Light Image Enhancement Algorithm.” Appl. Sci., 2023, 13(14):8148.

Liang, J., Xu, Y., Quan, Y., Wang, J., Ling, H., Ji, H. “Deep Bilateral Retinex for Low Light Image Enhancement.” arXiv, 2020.

Su, Y., Chen, D., Xing, M., Oh, C., Liu, X., Li, J. “Coming Out of the Dark: Human Pose Estimation in Low light Conditions.” IJCAI 2025.

Gu, K., Su, B. “A study of human pose estimation in low light environments using YOLOv8 model.” Applied & Computational Engineering, Vol.32, 2024.

Wang, H., Sun, Y., Yang, J. “Low-Light Image Enhancement Techniques: A Survey.” Applied Sciences, 2023, 13(22):12345.

Posted


Submitted: 2025-11-03 13:52:23 UTC

Published: 2025-11-12 00:55:51 UTC
Section
Information Sciences