Understanding the characteristics of the microbiome of the built environment and their effects on the human.
##article.authors##
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Kohei Ito
BIOTA inc.
https://biota.city/
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.169Keywords:
Built environment, Microbiome, Antibiotic Resistance, Autoimmune disease, InfectionAbstract
Humans spend most of their day in the built environments, using multiple built environments for different purposes. In recent years, comprehensive elucidation of the microbial community of the built environments (MoBE) has progressed. In the built environments, a part of the outdoor environment and humans themselves serve as a source of microorganisms, and a variety of microorganisms are brought into the built environments, creating a unique microbial ecosystem. The dynamics of these ecosystems vary not only with natural factors such as seasons, but also with human factors such as ventilation, building materials, and design methods. This paper first describes the components of the MoBE that result from interactions and relationships among humans, the environment, and microorganisms. Next, the process of drug-resistant bacteria emergence in the built environment and the risk factors that lead to the spread of infectious diseases are evaluated. In addition, the impact of MoBE on human health will be discussed, including the impact on immune development resulting from reduced human exposure to a wide variety of microorganisms because of urbanization. While the importance of the MoBE is becoming clear, there are many issues that need to be resolved to detect consistent features from the high complexity of the MoBE, which is due to the myriad sources of microorganisms as well as diverse parameters such as human activities, building design, and outdoor land use. The high complexity of the MoBE is due to the existence of a myriad of microbial sources, as well as diverse parameters such as human activity, building design, and outdoor land use. Furthermore, there are several technical limitations in the biological experimental and analytical methods used to elucidate MoBE; further research is needed to improve health, comfort, productivity, etc. by artificially managing MoBE.
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Kohei Ito
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