Longevity Research: A Focus on Anti-Aging Compounds
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.1089Keywords:
longevity, antiaging, chemical, PQQ, food, structureAbstract
There are numerous studies on substances contributing to longevity; however, this knowledge has not been widely accepted. This study aims to summarize various longevity substances and provide an entry point into longevity research. As the average lifespan of the Japanese population continues to increase, the suppression of aging becomes increasingly important. Aging research has significantly advanced through studies using nematodes. The longevity substance PQQ has shown effectiveness in the elderly, improving brain function and mitigating muscle loss and malnutrition. Various substances, such as polyphenols, coenzyme-related compounds, amines, lipids, saccharides, biguanides, and macrolides, are reported to have anti-aging effects. Many of these substances are derived from food sources. They are low molecular weight compounds that include both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules, and their structures are diverse, suggesting multiple mechanisms for aging suppression. Suppressing aging can lead to a reduction in disease risk and the realization of healthy longevity.
Conflicts of Interest Disclosure
The author is employed by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc. and works on the research and development of PQQ.Downloads *Displays the aggregated results up to the previous day.
References
Roger B. McDonald, 『老化生物学』, 2015, メディカルサイエンスインターナショナル
石井 直明, 丸山 直記【編】, 『老化の生物学―その分子メカニズムから寿命延長まで』, 2014, 化学同人
Ikemoto K, Nur Syafiqah MI, Akagawa M., "The effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt on brain function and physiological processes," J Med Invest., 2024; 71:23-28. doi: 10.2152/jmi.71.23.
Nur Syafiqah MI, Kikuchi M, Ikemoto K., "Dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone hinders aging progression in male mice and D-galactose-induced cells," Front Aging, 2024; 5:1351860. doi: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1351860.
Howitz KT, Bitterman KJ, Cohen HY, Lamming DW, Lavu S, Wood JG, Zipkin RE, Chung P, Kisielewski A, Zhang LL, Scherer B, Sinclair DA., "Small Molecule Activators of Sirtuins Extend Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Lifespan," Nature, 2003; 425(6954):191-6. doi: 10.1038/nature01960.
Zhang L, Jie G, Zhang J, Zhao B., "Significant Longevity-Extending Effects of EGCG on Caenorhabditis Elegans Under Stress," Free Radic Biol Med., 2009; 46(3):414-21. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.10.041.
Sasakura H, Moribe H, Nakano M, Ikemoto K, Takeuchi K, Mori I., "Lifespan extension by peroxidase and dual oxidase-mediated ROS signaling through pyrroloquinoline quinone in C. elegans," J Cell Sci., 2017; 130(15):2631-2643. doi: 10.1242/jcs.202119.
Yoshino J, Baur JA, Imai SI., "NAD(+) Intermediates: The Biology and Therapeutic Potential of NMN and NR," Cell Metab., 2018; 27(3):513-528. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.11.002.
Eisenberg T, Abdellatif M, Schroeder S, et al., "Cardioprotection and Lifespan Extension by the Natural Polyamine Spermidine," Nat Med., 2016; 22(12):1428-1438. doi: 10.1038/nm.4222.
Ueda Y, Wang MF, Irei AV, Sarukura N, Sakai T, Hsu TF., "Effect of dietary lipids on longevity and memory in the SAMP8 mice," J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo), 2011; 57(1):36-41. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.57.36.
Weimer S, Priebs J, Kuhlow D, et al., "D-Glucosamine Supplementation Extends Life Span of Nematodes and of Ageing Mice," Nat Commun., 2014; 5:3563. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4563.
Shintani T, Sakoguchi H, Yoshihara A, Izumori K, Sato M., "d-Allulose, a Stereoisomer of D-Fructose, Extends Caenorhabditis Elegans Lifespan Through a Dietary Restriction Mechanism: A New Candidate Dietary Restriction Mimetic," Biochem Biophys Res Commun., 2017; 493(4):1528-1533. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.147.
Harrison DE, Strong R, Sharp ZD, Nelson JF, Astle CM, Flurkey K, Nadon NL, Wilkinson JE, Frenkel K, Carter CS, Pahor M, Javors MA, Fernandez E, Miller RA., "Rapamycin Fed Late in Life Extends Lifespan in Genetically Heterogeneous Mice," Nature, 2009; 460(7253):392-5. doi: 10.1038/nature08221.
Martin-Montalvo A, Mercken EM, Mitchell SJ, Palacios HH, Mote PL, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Gomes AP, Ward TM, Minor RK, Blouin MJ, Schwab M, Pollak M, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Becker KG, Bohr VA, Ingram DK, Sinclair DA, Wolf NS, Spindler SR, Bernier M, de Cabo R., "Metformin Improves Healthspan and Lifespan in Mice," Nat Commun., 2013; 4:2192. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3192.
Suda M, Shimizu I, Katsuumi G, Yoshida Y, Hayashi Y, Ikegami R, Matsumoto N, Yoshida Y, Mikawa R, Katayama A, Wada J, Seki M, Suzuki Y, Iwama A, Nakagami H, Nagasawa A, Morishita R, Sugimoto M, Okuda S, Tsuchida M, Ozaki K, Nakanishi-Matsui M, Minamino T., "Senolytic vaccination improves normal and pathological age-related phenotypes and increases lifespan in progeroid mice," Nat Aging, 2021; 1:1117-1126.
Downloads
Posted
Submitted: 2025-02-14 02:06:44 UTC
Published: 2025-02-19 02:03:48 UTC
License
Copyright (c) 2025
Kazuto Ikemoto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
