A preliminary test on conceptual matching between silhouettes and photographs in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.1012Keywords:
Conceptual matching, Bpdy perception, Silhouette, Chimpanzees, Comparative cognitionAbstract
Chimpanzees were tested to assess whether they recognize the silhouette of their own species as representing a chimpanzee using a matching-to-sample task. Five chimpanzees were tested with four stimulus categories: chimpanzee, dog, human, and chair. Initially, they were trained on identity matching tasks (where the sample and comparison stimuli were the same) and categorical matching tasks (where the sample and comparison stimuli were different but belonged to the same category) using photographs and silhouettes. Subsequently, they received test trials in which the sample stimulus was a photograph and the comparison stimulus was a silhouette, or vice versa. The results showed that the chimpanzees performed well not only in identity matching but also in categorical matching. However, in the test trials using photographs and silhouettes, performance significantly exceeded chance levels only in the chimpanzee–chair and dog–chair pairs. Overall, they showed strong biases toward the chair stimuli for both photographs and silhouettes in the test trials. These findings did not provide strong evidence that chimpanzees recognize silhouettes of each stimulus category based on conceptual properties beyond perceptual similarity.
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