聴覚研究における証拠蓄積モデル
応用の現状と今後の展望
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.6329キーワード:
証拠蓄積モデル、 聴知覚、 音声知覚、 知覚的意思決定、 認知モデリング抄録
証拠蓄積モデル(evidence accumulation models: EAMs)は,意思決定に関連する証拠が時間とともに蓄積され,一定の反応基準に達した時点で反応が生じると仮定する数理モデルである。EAMsは,選択と反応時間を統合的に説明し,意思決定過程の異なる構成要素を表すパラメータを通じて,観察された行動の背後にある潜在的な認知過程を検討する枠組みを提供する。EAMsはこれまで主として視覚研究を中心に発展・応用されてきたが,近年では聴覚研究においても利用が広がっている。本稿では,EAMsの基本原理と主要なモデルを概観し,聴覚研究への適用を支持する行動的・神経科学的知見を整理する。さらに,聴知覚への応用事例を概観するとともに,モデル選択およびパラメータの心理学的解釈に関する課題を論じる。最後に,EAMsを用いて聴知覚に関する理解をさらに深めるための今後の研究の方向性を示す。
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