Time-Energy Redistribution in Black Hole Evolution

A Four-Mode Interpretation of Local Temporal States, Observed Universes, and the Mini-Bang

抄録

General relativity describes black holes through spacetime geometry and predicts gravitational time dilation, gravitational redshift, event horizons, and characteristic strong-field phenomena. The physical meaning of time itself, however, remains conceptually different in general relativity and quantum theory, and the internal evolution of black holes is not yet described by a universally accepted microscopic theory. This paper develops a phenomenological extension of the Four-Mode Model, in which the conserved total energy of a closed cosmic system is allocated among four mutually transformable modes: time, space, dynamics, and matter.

The present study focuses on time energy, defined as the portion of conserved total energy allocated to the time mode. A local temporal state and a dimensionless time-scaling factor are introduced to describe how local physical processes are compared between regions with different time-mode states. Time energy is treated not merely as a passive source of clock progression, but as an active component potentially associated with the characteristic timescales of atomic, particle, plasma, and radiative processes. The concepts of the observed universe and the shared universe are then formulated as physical descriptions referenced to local temporal states rather than as psychological or purely epistemological constructs.

Black-hole formation is interpreted as an extreme redistribution toward the matter mode, accompanied by a reduced local contribution of the time mode. General relativity is retained as the theory describing observable spacetime geometry, while the Four-Mode Model is proposed as a complementary description of the underlying energetic redistribution. At a critical matter-mode state, a reverse matter-to-time flow may rapidly regenerate the time mode; this hypothetical local process is termed the Mini-Bang. Gravitational redshift remains geometrically described by general relativity, while the present model offers a possible deeper energetic interpretation and identifies high-energy variability and spectral behavior as future observational targets. The model remains incomplete and does not yet provide a field equation, a microscopic derivation, or a quantitative departure from general relativity.