STEGR with Information Geometry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.5821キーワード:
Symmetric Teleparallel Equivalent to General Relativity、 Information Geometry、 Gauge Theories of Gravity、 St\、 Jackiw--Teitelboim gravity、 Ba\~{n}ados--Teitelboim--Zanelli black hole solution抄録
We establish Symmetric Teleparallel Equivalent to General Relativity (STEGR) in the framework of information geometry. STEGR describes gravity in terms of the non-metricity of spacetime and is physically equivalent to General Relativity (GR). Information geometry represents a family of probability distributions as a differential manifold whose geometry is likewise characterized by non-metricity. Reformulating STEGR based on information geometry, we provide a theory of gravity in which gravity acquires a stochastic interpretation while remaining equivalent to GR. First of all, we introduce three formulations of STEGR---internal STEGR, Coincident GR , and St\"{u}ckelberg STEGR---based on the internal-space formulation, each theory characterized by a different realization of non-metricity. We show that these theories are related through appropriate gauge fixing. We then review $\alpha$-geometry and focus on the case $\alpha=1$, corresponding to information geometry with so-called $\theta$-coordinate system.
Within this framework, we construct the symmetric teleparallel connection in an information-geometrically dual manner and show that the coincident gauge emerges in this construction. Using the resulting dual connection, we formulate the corresponding STEGR theories and show that St\"{u}ckelberg STEGR provides a unified self-dual formulation of internal STEGR and Coincident GR. Finally, we derive the field equation of the self-dual theory and show that Jackiw--Teitelboim gravity and Ba\~{n}ados--Teitelboim--Zanelli black hole solutions are compatible with our theory as exact solutions.
利益相反に関する開示
No conflict of interest related to this workダウンロード *前日までの集計結果を表示します
引用文献
J. M. Nester and H.-J. Yo, “Symmetric teleparallel general relativity,” Chin. J. Phys. 37 (1999) 113,
arXiv:gr-qc/9809049.
M. Adak, “The Symmetric teleparallel gravity,” Turk. J. Phys. 30 (2006) 379–390, arXiv:gr-qc/0611077.
J. Beltr´an Jim´enez, L. Heisenberg, and T. S. Koivisto, “The Geometrical Trinity of Gravity,”
Universe 5 (2019) no. 7, 173, arXiv:1903.06830 [hep-th].
K. Hayashi and T. Shirafuji, “New general relativity.,” Phys. Rev. D 19 (1979) 3524–3553. [Addendum: Phys.Rev.D 24,
–3314 (1982)].
J. Beltr´an Jim´enez, L. Heisenberg, and T. Koivisto, “Coincident General Relativity,”
Phys. Rev. D 98 (2018) no. 4, 044048, arXiv:1710.03116 [gr-qc].
D. Blixt, M. Hohmann, and C. Pfeifer, “Hamiltonian and primary constraints of new general relativity,”
Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) no. 8, 084025, arXiv:1811.11137 [gr-qc].
D. Blixt, M. Hohmann, M. Krˇsˇs´ak, and C. Pfeifer, “Hamiltonian analysis in new general relativity,” 5, 2019.
arXiv:1905.11919v2 [gr-qc].
K. Tomonari and D. Blixt, “Degrees of freedom of new general relativity: Type 2, type 3, type 5, and type 8,”
Phys. Rev. D 112 (2025) no. 8, 084052, arXiv:2410.15056 [gr-qc].
K. Tomonari, “Degrees of freedom of new general relativity: Type 4, type 7, and type 9,”
Phys. Lett. B 875 (2026) 140310, arXiv:2411.11118 [gr-qc].
J.-J. Chen, Z. Chen, and X. Gao, “Degrees of freedom of a quadratic scalar-nonmetricity theory,”
Phys. Rev. D 113 (2026) no. 10, 10, arXiv:2512.24298 [gr-qc].
Planck Collaboration, N. Aghanim et al., “Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters,”
Astron. Astrophys. 641 (2020) A6, arXiv:1807.06209 [astro-ph.CO]. [Erratum: Astron.Astrophys. 652, C4 (2021)].
Planck Collaboration, N. Aghanim et al., “Planck 2018 results. I. Overview and the cosmological legacy of Planck,”
Astron. Astrophys. 641 (2020) A1, arXiv:1807.06205 [astro-ph.CO].
H0LiCOW Collaboration, K. C. Wong et al., “H0LiCOW – XIII. A 2.4 per cent measurement of H0 from lensed
quasars: 5.3σ tension between early- and late-Universe probes,”
Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 498 (2020) no. 1, 1420–1439, arXiv:1907.04869 [astro-ph.CO].
N. Sch¨oneberg, L. Verde, H. Gil-Mar´ın, and S. Brieden, “BAO+BBN revisited — growing the Hubble tension with a 0.7
km/s/Mpc constraint,” JCAP 11 (2022) 039, arXiv:2209.14330 [astro-ph.CO].
A. G. Riess, S. Casertano, W. Yuan, L. M. Macri, and D. Scolnic, “Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a
% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics beyond ΛCDM,”
Astrophys. J. 876 (2019) no. 1, 85, arXiv:1903.07603 [astro-ph.CO].
ACT Collaboration, M. S. Madhavacheril et al., “The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Gravitational Lensing Map
and Cosmological Parameters,” Astrophys. J. 962 (2024) no. 2, 113, arXiv:2304.05203 [astro-ph.CO].
S. Carlip, “Quantum gravity: A Progress report,” Rept. Prog. Phys. 64 (2001) 885, arXiv:gr-qc/0108040.
C. Kiefer, Quantum Gravity, vol. 155 of International Series of Monographs on Physics. Oxford University Press, Oxford,
ed., 2012.
M. B. Green, J. H. Schwarz, and E. Witten, Superstring Theory. Volume 1: Introduction. Cambridge Monographs on
Mathematical Physics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1987.
M. B. Green, J. H. Schwarz, and E. Witten, Superstring Theory. Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and
Phenomenology. Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1987.
C. Rovelli, Quantum Gravity. Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, 2004.
C. Rovelli and F. Vidotto, Covariant Loop Quantum Gravity: An Elementary Introduction to Quantum Gravity and
Spinfoam Theory. Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2014.
A. Connes and M. Marcolli, Noncommutative Geometry, Quantum Fields and Motives, vol. 55 of Colloquium
Publications. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2008.
P. Horava, “Quantum Gravity at a Lifshitz Point,” Phys. Rev. D 79 (2009) 084008, arXiv:0901.3775 [hep-th].
S. Mukohyama, “Horava-Lifshitz Cosmology: A Review,” Class. Quant. Grav. 27 (2010) 223101,
arXiv:1007.5199 [hep-th].
K. S. Stelle, “Renormalization of Higher Derivative Quantum Gravity,” Phys. Rev. D 16 (1977) 953–969.
M. E. Peskin and D. V. Schroeder, An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory, vol. 80 of Frontiers in Physics.
Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 1995.
M. D. Schwartz, Quantum Field Theory and the Standard Model. Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2014.
J. W. Moffat, “Stochastic gravity,” Phys. Rev. D 56 (1997) 6264–6277, arXiv:gr-qc/9610067.
B. L. Hu, “Stochastic gravity,” Int. J. Theor. Phys. 38 (1999) 2987–3037, arXiv:gr-qc/9902064.
B. L. Hu and E. Verdaguer, “Stochastic gravity: A Primer with applications,” Class. Quant. Grav. 20 (2003) R1–R42,
arXiv:gr-qc/0211090.
B. L. Hu and E. Verdaguer, “Stochastic Gravity: Theory and Applications,” Living Rev. Rel. 11 (2008) 3,
arXiv:0802.0658 [gr-qc].
B.-L. B. Hu and E. Verdaguer, Semiclassical and Stochastic Gravity: Quantum Field Effects on Curved Spacetime.
Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1, 2020.
E. Verdaguer, “Stochastic semiclassical gravity and fluctuations during inflation,” in
Workshop on Differential Geometry, Global Analysis, Lie Algebras. 8, 2000. arXiv:gr-qc/0102034.
E. Verdaguer, “Stochastic Gravity: Beyond Semiclassical Gravity,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 66 (2007) 012006,
arXiv:gr-qc/0611051.
N. N. ˇCencov, Statistical Decision Rules and Optimal Inference, vol. 53 of Translations of Mathematical Monographs.
American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1982.
S. Amari and H. Nagaoka, Methods of Information Geometry, vol. 191 of Translations of Mathematical Monographs.
American Mathematical Society and Oxford University Press, Providence, RI, 2000.
S. Amari, Information Geometry and Its Applications. Applied Mathematical Sciences. Springer, 2016.
F. Nielsen, “An elementary introduction to information geometry,” Entropy 22 (2020) no. 10, 1100.
S. Amari, “Information geometry,” International Statistical Review 89 (2021) no. 1, 250–273.
K. Tomonari, “A unified-description of curvature, torsion, and non-metricity of the metric-affine geometry with the
m¨obius representation,” Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys. 22 (2025) no. 05, 2450333, arXiv:2312.11558 [gr-qc].
K. Tomonari, “STEGR in internal-space formulation: Formalisms, primary constraints, and possible internal
symmetries,” J. Math. Phys. 66 (2025) no. 5, 052505, arXiv:2410.04848 [gr-qc].
K. Tomonari, T. Katsuragawa, and S. Nojiri, “Revisiting Coincident GR in Internal STEGR Formulation,”To be
published in EPJC (6, 2025) , arXiv:2506.22158 [gr-qc].
S. Bahamonde, K. F. Dialektopoulos, C. Escamilla-Rivera, G. Farrugia, V. Gakis, M. Hendry, M. Hohmann, J. Levi Said,
J. Mifsud, and E. Di Valentino, “Teleparallel gravity: from theory to cosmology,”
Rept. Prog. Phys. 86 (2023) no. 2, 026901, arXiv:2106.13793 [gr-qc].
R. Weitzenboeck, “Invarianten theorie,” Nordhoff, Groningen (1923) 320.
M. Adak, ¨O. Sert, M. Kalay, and M. Sari, “Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity: Some exact solutions and spinor couplings,”
Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 28 (2013) 1350167, arXiv:0810.2388 [gr-qc].
M. Adak and C. Pala, “A novel approach to autoparallels for the theories of symmetric teleparallel gravity,”
J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2191 (2022) no. 1, 012017, arXiv:1102.1878 [physics.gen-ph].
M. Adak, “The early history of symmetric teleparallel gravity: An overlooked period,” arXiv:2602.19194 [gr-qc].
J. Beltr´an Jim´enez and T. S. Koivisto, “Lost in translation: The Abelian affine connection (in the coincident gauge),”
Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys. 19 (2022) no. 07, 2250108, arXiv:2202.01701 [gr-qc].
E. C. G. Stueckelberg, “Die wechselwirkungskr¨afte in der elektrodynamik und in der feldtheorie der kernkr¨afte. teil i,”
Helvetica Physica Acta 11 (1938) no. 3, 225–244.
S. Eguchi, “Second order effieciency of minimum contrast estimators in a curved exponential family,” The Annals of
Statistics Vol. 11, No. 3 (1983) 793–803.
S. Eguchi, “A differential geometric approach to statistical inference on the basis of contrast functions,” Hiroshima Math.
J. 15 (1985) 341–391.
S. Amari, Differential-Geometrical Methods in Statistics, vol. 28 of Lecture Notes in Statistics. Springer-Verlag, New
York, 1985.
I. Okamoto, S. Amari, and K. Takeuchi, “Asymptotic theory of sequential estimation: differential geometrical approach,”
Annual Statistics 19 (1991) 961 – 981.
K. Uohashi, “On alpha-conformal equivalence of statistical submanifolds,” J. geom. 75 (2002) 179 – 184.
J. Zhang, “Divergence function, duality , and convex analysis,” Neural Computation 16 (2004) 159–195.
J. Zhang, “Nonparametric information geometry: From divergence function to referential-representational biduality on
statistical manifold,” Entropy 15 (2013) 5384–5418.
K. Takeuchi, “Dual connections and affine geometry,” Math. Z. (1990) 115 – 121.
N. Katsumi and S. Takeshi, Affine Differential Geometry: Geometry of Affine Immersions. Cambridge University Press,
H. Matsuzoe, “Statistical manifold and affine differential geometry,” Advanced Studies in Pure Mathemetics (2010) 303 –
T. Wada, “Reframing of Information Geometry via Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity,” arXiv:2607.00649 [gr-qc].
C. Teitelboim, “Gravitation and Hamiltonian Structure in Two Space-Time Dimensions,”
Phys. Lett. B 126 (1983) 41–45.
R. Jackiw, “Lower Dimensional Gravity,” Nucl. Phys. B 252 (1985) 343–356.
T. G. Mertens and G. J. Turiaci, “Solvable models of quantum black holes: a review on Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity,”
Living Rev. Rel. 26 (2023) no. 1, 4, arXiv:2210.10846 [hep-th].
M. Banados, C. Teitelboim, and J. Zanelli, “The Black hole in three-dimensional space-time,”
Phys. Rev. Lett. 69 (1992) 1849–1851, arXiv:hep-th/9204099.
M. Banados, M. Henneaux, C. Teitelboim, and J. Zanelli, “Geometry of the (2+1) black hole,”
Phys. Rev. D 48 (1993) 1506–1525, arXiv:gr-qc/9302012. [Erratum: Phys.Rev.D 88, 069902 (2013)].
S. Carlip, “The (2+1)-Dimensional black hole,” Class. Quant. Grav. 12 (1995) 2853–2880, arXiv:gr-qc/9506079.
M. Banados, “Three-dimensional quantum geometry and black holes,” AIP Conf. Proc. 484 (1999) no. 1, 147–169,
arXiv:hep-th/9901148.
S. Carlip, “Conformal field theory, (2+1)-dimensional gravity, and the BTZ black hole,”
Class. Quant. Grav. 22 (2005) R85–R124, arXiv:gr-qc/0503022.
K. Aoki, M. A. Gorji, S. Mukohyama, and K. Takahashi, “Effective field theory of gravitating continuum: solids, fluids,
and aether unified,” JCAP 08 (2022) 072, arXiv:2204.06672 [hep-th].
H. Matsueda and T. Suzuki, “Ba˜nados–Teitelboim–Zanelli Black Hole in the Information Geometry,”
J. Phys. Soc. Jap. 86 (2017) no. 10, 104001, arXiv:1910.03190 [hep-th].
H. Matsueda, “BTZ Black Hole in Fisher Information Spacetime,” arXiv:1409.3908 [hep-th].
H. Matsueda, “Emergent General Relativity from Fisher Information Metric,” arXiv:1310.1831 [gr-qc].
H. Matsueda, “Embedding Quantum Information into Classical Spacetime: Perspective to Tsallis Statistics and
AdS/CFT Correspondence,” arXiv:1208.5103 [hep-th].
C. Andrzej and S. Amari, “Families of alpha- beta- gamma- divergences: Flexible and robust measures of similarities,”
Entropy 12 (2010) 1532 – 1568.
K. Hashimoto and N. Tanahashi, “Holography and Optimal Transport: Emergent Wasserstein Spacetime in Harmonic
Oscillator, SYK and Krylov Complexity,” arXiv:2604.17649 [hep-th].
K. Hashimoto, N. Tanahashi, and K. Yoshida, “Wasserstein Space of Quantum Chaos,” arXiv:2605.20995 [hep-th].
ダウンロード
公開済
投稿日時: 2026-07-29 05:46:48 UTC
公開日時: 2026-08-17 02:23:47 UTC
ライセンス
Copyright(c)2026
Tomonari, Kyosuke
この作品は、Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Licenseの下でライセンスされています。
