プレプリント / バージョン1

専門サービス組織における多様性の二面性:組織学習への影響

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.5002

キーワード:

プロフェッショナル・サービス・ファーム、 ダイバーシティ・マネジメント、 組織学習、 知識統合、 特許登録

抄録

本研究では、知識集約的な文脈である日本の特許事務所を対象に、多様性と組織学習の複雑な関係を実証的に検討する。多様性が組織学習を一様に促進するという前提に疑問を呈し、表層的多様性(ジェンダー多様性)と深層的多様性(専門知の多様性・経験多様性)が、組織学習の成果指標である特許登録率に与える対照的な影響を分析する。社会的カテゴリー化理論および情報・意思決定理論を援用し、これらの多様性の次元が相反する効果をもたらすという仮説を提示する。1999年から2009年にかけての143件の特許事務所・1,420,033件の特許出願に関するパネルデータを分析した結果、ジェンダー多様性の向上は特許登録率を有意に低下させる一方、専門知の多様性はこれを有意に向上させることが明らかになった。経験多様性については統計的に有意な影響は認められなかった。これらの知見は、表層的多様性と深層的多様性が組織学習の成果に対照的な影響を与えることを確認するとともに、文化的文脈の重要性を示している。日本の集団主義的社会においては、ジェンダーに基づく社会的カテゴリー化が知識共有を阻害し、多様性の利点を損なう可能性が示唆される。本研究は、非西洋的な専門サービス組織の文脈において、文化的文脈が多様性と組織学習の関係をいかに調整するかを示すことで、多様性マネジメント研究に貢献する。実務的示唆として、人口統計学的多様性の負の影響を緩和しつつ専門知の多様性の利点を活用するために、共通の専門的アイデンティティの醸成が重要であることが強調される。今後は他の文化的・制度的文脈におけるこれらのダイナミクスの検討が求められる。

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投稿日時: 2026-06-09 09:09:41 UTC

公開日時: 2026-07-08 02:32:58 UTC
研究分野
経済学・経営学