First noncontact millimeter-wave radar measurement of heart rate in great apes: validation in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Matsumoto, Takuya; Iwata, Itsuki; Sakamoto, Takuya; Hirata, Satoshi

doi:10.51094/jxiv.455

##article.authors##

Matsumoto, Takuya Faculty of Science, Shinshu University
Iwata, Itsuki Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
Sakamoto, Takuya Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
Hirata, Satoshi Kumamoto Sanctuary, Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.455

キーワード:

noncontact measurement、 vital sign、 heart rate、 millimeter-wave ultrawide-band array radar、 animal welfare

抄録

Heart rate is a crucial vital sign and a valuable indicator for assessing the physical and psychological condition of a target animal. While medium- and long-term stress levels have been evaluated by measuring bioactive substances in samples such as urine, feces, and body hair, it is assumed that short-term changes can be measured by measuring the changes in physical and psychological state by comprehending the heart rate. Heart rate has been measured using a contact-type device; however, the device burdens the target animals and that there are risks associated with anesthesia during installation. This study explores the application of heartbeat measurement techniques using millimeter-wave radar, primarily developed for humans, as a remote method for measuring the heart rate of great apes. This approach has yielded significant insights into the evolutionary history of humans. Through a measurement test conducted on two chimpanzees, we observed a remarkable correspondence between the peak frequency spectrum of heart rate estimated using millimeter-wave radar and the mean value obtained from electrocardiograph data, thereby validating the accuracy of the method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the precise measurement of great apes’ heart rate using millimeter-wave radar technology. Consequently, this study unveils the potential for establishing a health management system for endangered great apes, estimating their metabolic rate, and elucidating social stressors.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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