人間と生成AIにおける言語使用の本質的差異
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51094/jxiv.2715キーワード:
生成AI、 対話、 現象学、 時間性、 情況性、 意味生成、 関係性、 人間ーAI協働抄録
生成AIの急速な発展により、人間と機械の対話は日常的なものとなった。大規模言語モデルは流暢で文脈に適した応答を生成し、表面的には人間の言語使用と区別がつかないほどである。しかし、この類似性は、より深い存在論的差異を覆い隠している。本論文は、現象学的・解釈学的アプローチを通じて、人間とAIの言語使用における本質的な相違を明らかにする。第一に、時間性の次元において、人間は記憶連鎖を通じて過去を抱え込み未来を孕んだ現在を生きるのに対し、AIは統計的パターンとして時間を処理する。第二に、情況性の次元において、人間は「今・ここ」における情況内存在であるのに対し、AIは情況を生きることなく情報を処理する。第三に、意味生成において、人間は記憶連鎖の関連配置から構成される事態を情況内事態へと転換し意味づけるのに対し、AIは意味らしさを生成するに過ぎない。さらに、会話の実践レベルにおいて、人間の発話は相手の情況を忖度しながらの断片的連鎖であり、誤解の察知と修復を通じた相互理解の協働的達成を特徴とする。これらはいずれもAIには欠如している。最も根本的には、人間の会話は関係性の構築を主たる目的とするのに対し、AIには真の関係性へのコミットメント、相互性、脆弱性、倫理的責任が存在しない。本論文は、これらの差異が技術的限界ではなく存在論的非対称性であることを論証し、人間-AI協働における適切な理解の基盤を提供する。AIは人間の能力を拡張する強力な道具であるが、対話的存在としての人間を代替するものではない。この認識に基づいた協働の構想が、共存時代における倫理的かつ創造的な言語使用への道を開く。
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